I make it a point to never install the first versions of major macos releases. they are usually buggy and have annoying new features that are either removed, improved or made optional in the following minor releases. Currently on 26.6.2, it's pretty good.
I would be extremely surprised if something as elegant, terse, and useful as the Fourier Transform had been missed by human mathematicians up until now. All expressible theorems are enumerable, after all (if we limit ourselves to a finite alphabet). It seems likely that any new theorems are long, highly complex and esoteric, regardless of human or machine origin.
Big leaps in insight I don't think are received as elegant, generally. Fourier's contemporaries actually thought he was wrong (which he was), about both the series and heat equations, and even with the whole thing worked out it's not really straightforward. It fits into integral transforms/linear operators but in a way more complicated than can explained in those terms alone. Plus truncation error is commonly unbounded! Complex numbers and "fluxions" were also objectionable on their face although now one can frame them more or less elegantly.
> the very short disproof of the Jacobean Conjecture.
That's a counterexample (finding a needle in a haystack), not an elegant proof. Proving the conjecture would be elegant, if it were true but somehow still resisted proof nearly as much as the conjecture did because the conjecture was false.
Shannon was 1948, one-way crypto in 1978, univalence/HoTT something like 2007; I would be surprised if there weren’t simple new fundamental primitives out there! One problem is that some great advances are from viewing complex objects in a simple way, which take a lot of characters to define in formal logic but which are “simple” in platonic maths-space.
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