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Rarity depends on the local population, in Ireland its at least 1% of the population but probably higher as some people are asymptomatic and go undiagnosed.

Since you can't infect others with celiac, isn't "asymptomatic" essentially the same as "not having it"?

A few weeks ago I was cleaning out some old boxes and found an envelope with SO and coding horror stickers, my Irish address was hand written and had Jeffs home address as a return address. SO was an amazing resource and I will be forever grateful that it existed.

I got some merch from the gamedev site because I was a top 100 or 1000 user or whatever. I remember only the surprise and mistrust when someone reached out for my real life address and deciding to dare answer and actually getting quite a big box of small stuff! But I remember at the time my points were exactly 1337.

Will local AI eventually pull the proverbial rug out from under the big providers and the huge sums invested in building out data centers?

Probably not. The ROI for local AI is pretty terrible at best it's like 20 years to see a cost advantage. Most enterprises are going to be fine using hosted models. The two main reasons to use local AI are 1. education and 2. if you cannot use hosted AI for your use case (safety guardrails, payment restrictions, etc.)

Not sure if my interpretation here makes any sense but here it is. Due to relativity time slows down on the ship, the laser is still hitting the ship, how would the measurement of the energy received from the laser be perceived on the ship, from the ships perspective a 1000 years worth of energy arrives within a few decades. My head hurts thing about this. If you had a ship that could instantly jump to 0.5c travelling away from earth and we beamed a message using a laser at say 1Gb/s, how would the bandwidth appear to the ship?


You have it backwards. The further and faster the ship goes, the less energy is received. The energy collected over a day will be spread over a week, a month, a year, a decade, etc.

GP has it backwards too. For 1g of acceleration, none of the beam that is produced after a year will ever reach the accelerating spacecraft. You only need to run it for a year.


Hindsight as they say is 2020 and in early 2020 I bought Nvidia shares as I figured a lot people wouldn't have much to do except play games, sold them in 2022 as I thought there won't be many people upgrading their rigs as things got back to normal and there won't be much demand for graphics cards, made money, could have made more, oh well!


Could/should not every incident after the discovery of the first incident be considered criminal negligence? What happens when an agent eventually causes material damage to another company, government systems, banking, critical infrastructure etc, surely the source company is guilty of something and if not disclosed or a coverup is attempted is that not conspiracy. From the victims perspective they don't care if the source is OpenAI or Russian hackers.


I wanted to take a look at Boomi.com but couldn't sign up with gmail, turned on email forwarding for a parked domain to get past it. Stupid behaviour if you are trying to sell a product.


A single block of sleep is a relatively new behaviour, I suspect partially driven by the availability of cheap sources of light and heat. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220107-the-lost-medieva...


This is a contentious theory with little actual historical backing. Most likely people have been sleeping in one block since forever.


> Historical texts and recent research suggest an alternative view: that sleep can be naturally segmented into two periods across the 24h cycle – a pattern known as biphasic sleep

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S138994572...


I believe that "little actual historical backing" could accurately describe what evidence that publication has provided, don't you?


> Most likely people have been sleeping in one block since forever.

Does that have stronger historical backing?


There is a lack of historical writings clearly describing segmented sleep as a normal practice over monophasic sleep. If it had been the standard sleep pattern, one would expect abundant evidence for it.

Roger Ekirch’s theory, meanwhile, is based on what one could call a biased interpretation of a hand-picked selection of ambiguous sources.


I wonder how much time zones and seasons impact things. For example, in my city in the winter, it is often dark for 14 straight hours. No average, healthy individual would sleep for that long on a nightly basis. So, even if one slept for 7 hours at sunset, then there would still be 7 hours of darkness remaining upon awakening.

Point being, if one slept for 4-5 hours, wake up for a similar chunk, and slept the same amount again, then that'd be a great way to pass the time one could likely not use to do outdoor labor.


I asked if there's abundant evidence for monophasic sleep in historical writings. Or do we just assume it was monophasic, because there's not much written about sleep either way?


You were asking for historical backing. Sleep is definitely abundantly mentioned in historical writing, while segmented sleep is not. I take the absence of the latter as historical backing.


Monophasic sleep is mentioned, or just sleep is mentioned without hints on whether it was monophasic of polyphasic?


This is tantamount to saying that the Egyptians from the 18th Dynasty onwards did have horses but no black or white ones because while the historical records concerning warfare did mention horses a lot, nowhere is there a mention of black or white horses. I conclude the ancient Egyptians only had brown horses q.e.d.


Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence.


I would posit that the null hypothesis should be that uncoerced human sleep patterns and historical sleep patterns are similar to A: modern human sleep patterns, and B: the sleep patterns of a majority of diurnal mammals and especially those primates most closely related to us: namely "one big stretch of sleep while it is dark a majority of the time when not disturbed by external stimuli or illness".

If historical evidence does not do much to disambiguate this from the alternative hypothesis, then the null hypothesis would be the default presumption.


It is more common in high-latitude countries. Very uncommon in lower latitude.


Another unbacked claim.


We have evidence that during the medieval period people did take two-sleeps. Whether this is the more "natural" organization is debatable. But it made sense for that time.


Pages 341 to 414 of size 8 font denoting the manuscripts that he sourced from would disagree with you.


But the article discussed here also points in that direction when it mentions the importance of people on the lookout at night. The article also mentions primitive tribes partying all night, so that is yet another direction.


When I was in my early 20s, primitive tribes like Alpha Kappa Lambda would party all night.

That doesn't mean they didn't sleep all night, typically.


My boy when very young (just months) went thru a phase where in the middle of the night he would suddenly sit bolt upright, swivel his head to scan the room, and then conk out again. This was not caused by noises.

I found this reassuring and slightly amazing, that he is wired to do his part as a nighttime lookout.


Assuming you are not jesting, I am not certain I would qualify that behavior as any indication of being wired for some sort of nighttime patrol duty based on those details alone.


Not jesting! And, point taken. But it made me wonder. It was intentional (within the limits of intentionality for an infant) and repeated.


Fascinating. Also, not that you implied this by any means, but I was not trying to say "you are wrong, I'm right." Rather, who knows? Do all behaviors happen for a reason? Idk.


That theory is on rather shaky grounds: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10404514/


I would also imagine a single block of sleep is relatively new due a host of various factors. Especially when considering untreatable medical conditions, chronic pain, parasites (bed bugs, lice, etc.), lack of comfortable bedding, cohabitation with others, and plenty of other factors all had major impacts.


If you like Tom you will probably also enjoy https://youtube.com/@stuffmadehere


You’ll also enjoy superfastmatt - he mostly does car projects.


I am familiar, and I love that guy too!



I, too, enjoy competence porn YouTube.

But seriously, it's one of those things we had preciously little of before online video became a thing.


As long as there have been forums there have been guys and gals making extremely deep and long deep posts and threads about their projects. Video and YT just make it 100x more accessible.


Still have too little of it :(


The HuggingFace report mentions decoy activities, does this mean it tried to cover its tracks or obfuscate what it did?


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